Receiving an overtaking with 〜れる
Grammar Explanation: Receptive verbs with 〜れる
Chino watches as her “grandpa” bread as it bakes alongside Cocoa’s and Chiya’s breads.
- チノ:
- 「おじいちゃんがココアさんと千夜さんに抜かされました！」
- “Grandpa got passed by Cocoa-san and Chiya-san!”
- Literal: “Grandpa received being passed by Cocoa-san and Chiya-san!”
- 千夜:
- 「おじいちゃんもガンバレー！」
- “You can do it too, Grandpa!”
抜かす’s negative stem is 抜かさ. Append れる for 抜かされる.
Key Points
1抜かされました presents Grandpa as the one overtaken
- Cocoa and Chiya perform the action, marked by に, while Grandpa receives it.
2ガンバレー stretches a plain command
- 頑張れ is the imperative of 頑張る. The long vowel turns it into a cheer.
- さん is an honorific suffix attached to a person’s name to show respect and social distance, roughly equivalent to “Mr.”, “Ms.”, or “Mrs.” in English, though it’s used far more broadly and doesn’t specify gender or marital status.
See Also
- Grammar: Receptive verbs with 〜れる
- Future entry: Past tense with 〜た・〜だ
- Grammar: The plain imperative
- Grammar: Marking the topic with は and も
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